Assessment of Anti-inflammatory and Cyto-protective Action ofJatropha Tanjorensis and Biomarkers on Indomethacin Induced Ulcerin Adult Female Mice
Keywords:
Antioxidant, Cyto-protective, Gastric ulcer, ndomethacin, Jatropha tanjorensis, NSAID-induced ulcer, OmeprazoleAbstract
Gastric ulcers are a growing global health burden, particularly in Nigeria. Jatropha tanjorensis, used traditionally in
African medicine, has reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study evaluated the antiinflammatory
and cytoprotective effects of Jatropha tanjorensis aqueous leaf extract on indomethacin-induced gastric
ulcers in adult female mice. Twenty-five mice were randomly assigned into five groups (n=5): control (distilled water),
indomethacin-only (20 mg/kg), low-dose extract (200 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg indomethacin), high-dose extract (400 mg/kg +
20 mg/kg indomethacin), and omeprazole (20 mg/kg + 20 mg/kg indomethacin). Treatments were administered orally for
7 days. Biochemical markers and histopathology were assessed. Interleukin-1β levels were significantly reduced in both
extract-treated groups (25.20 ± 1.27 and 26.10 ± 1.41 pg/mL) compared to control (31.60 ± 1.98 pg/mL), indicating antiinflammatory
activity. Malondialdehyde levels showed no significant changes across groups. Superoxide dismutase
(SOD) activity was significantly decreased in the indomethacin-only group (13.68 ± 2.14 U/mg protein) compared to
control (28.68 ± 3.62 U/mg protein), while extract treatment restored SOD activity (25.65 ± 2.05 and 18.22 ± 0.01 U/mg
protein at low and high doses, respectively), demonstrating dose-dependent antioxidant effects. Histopathological
examination revealed reduced ulceration and inflammatory infiltration in extract-treated groups compared to
indomethacin-only group. The aqueous extract of Jatropha tanjorensis demonstrated significant anti-ulcerogenic and
antioxidant properties, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for managing NSAID-induced gastric ulcers.
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